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Season Summer
Period 14 June 2021 (solar calendar) or 5 May (lunar calendar)
Introduction "Dano" (端午), which literally means "first fifth," is a major holiday on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar.

Dano (端午) 

"Dano" (端午), which literally means "first fifth," is a major holiday on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar. The character "dan" (端) means "the first" and "o" (午) is interpreted as "o" (五), which means "the number five." Thus, "Dano" refers to "the fifth day." "Dano" is also called "Suritnal," which derives from a god named "Suri," and is combined with a word meaning "lofty", making Dano "The day a god of high status (至高) descends" (下降). "Dano" has a number of other names, such as "Jungojeol" (重五節), "Cheonjungjeol" (天中節), and "Danyang" (端陽)). "Dano" was also believed to be day with the strongest yang force (陽氣), making it "a festival of the sun."


단오와 관련된 사진이미지
단오부채_이억영 그림
단오부채 ‘오죽흑선’
창포탕_강릉
"Dano Fan" by Lee Eok-yeong
Dano Fan "Ojukheukseon"
Changpotang in Gangneung City, Gangwon-do


Since ancient times many rituals have been held on "Dano." In the royal court, subjects offered Dano Album (danocheop,帖子), and when fans made in the provinces were offered to the court, the king would give them away to his royal subjects. Meanwhile, commoners held traditional rituals such as "Danocheonsin" in which fresh berries were offered to the local deities, and ancestral rites such as "Danojeolsa" (端午節祀) and "Danogosa" (端午告祀) to pray for the prosperity of their offspring. The species of native Korean cherry called "aengdu" is the first fruit of the year, reaching full ripeness around "Dano." People would also use a talisman or wash their hair with water boiled with iris to ward off evil spirits.


단오와 관련된 사진이미지
앵두화채
앵두편
수리취떡_서산
Aengdu Hwachae (Fruit Punch)
Aengdupyeon
Surichwitteok Rice Cake in Seosan City, Chungcheongnam-do


Seasonal foods on "Dano" include aengdu hwachae, a traditional fruit punch made of native Korean cherries, aengdupyeon, a traditional sweet jelly, and surichwitteok rice cakes. The syallable "suri" of "surichwitteok" was derived from an old Korean word meaning "georyun" (車輪), meaning "wheel," due to its resemblance to a wheel. In addition, the palace pharmacy (內醫院) of the Joseon dynasty used to offer "jehotang" (醍醐湯) to quench the king’s thirst, while commoners drank "changpoju" (菖蒲酒), and alcoholic beverage made of iris.

On "Dano" all people regardless of gender or age would dress up in their finest clothes and go out to play on swings, while strong and young men would compete in a wrestling match. All regions in the country held feasts, mask dances, and theatrical performances such as "Bongsantalchum," "Songposandaenori" and "Yangjubyeolsandaenori" in the marketplace. Some of the better-known local rituals for "Dano" include "Gangneung Danoje" in Gangneung city, Ganwon-do ; "Beopseongpo Danoje" in Yeongwang-gun, Jeollanam-do, and "Hanjanggunnori" in Gyeongsan city, Gyeongsangbuk-do.


강릉 단오제 이미지
Gangneung Danoje in Gangneung City, Gangwon-do
강릉관노가면극
대관령국사성황제
국사행차
Mask Theater, Gangneung Gwanno
Daegwallyeong Guksaseonghwangje Ritual
Gusahaengcha Procession
성주굿
단오체험장
민속공연장
Seongjugut Exorcism
Dano Experience Center
Folk Performance


Of the traditional rituals held on Dano, "Gangneung Danoje" was designated as Important Intangible Cultural Property No. 13 on January 16, 1967. It was also registered as a UNESCO Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity on November 25, 2005. During “Gangneung Danoje” local villagers hold ancestral rites to commemorate the local deities, “Daegwallyeong Guksaseonghwang” and “Daegwallyeong Guksayeoseonghwang,” and the mountain spirits, and afterwards enjoy various recreational events designed to fortify the community spirit and to preserve and transmit the Korean traditional festival.